Gemstones

description

One or more precious stones form the center of many pieces of jewelry. Only the most beautiful specimens are selected for jewelry production and jewelry refinement. The jewelry should be upgraded by the gemstones. So you can say, that gemstones for the jewelry industry, so an important one for jewelry production and finishing, are an indispensable part. But not only real specimens are used here. Straight stones, which are rare and therefore very expensive, are gladly imitated. Some gemstones can also be produced synthetically.

The science of gemstones is called gemology. Gemology deals with the precious stones, which are used for jewelry making and jewelry finishing. Neither the esoteric meaning of the individual stones nor gemstone medicine is the subject of gemology.

Gemstones are usually beautiful to look at. But they are not only visually beautiful, but they are also valuable. The material value of the individual stones is determined by the cut, the size, the purity, the color, determines the transparency and frequency of occurrence of the respective gemstones. Precious stones are given a facet cut for high-quality jewelry. This breaks the light and makes the precious stones sparkle.

Diamonds, rubies, Saphire, Emeralds and topazes are the most famous and most valuable gemstones, Strictly speaking, the diamond is not a gemstone, but is a carbon. The minerals amethyst are also popular as gemstones, Malachite and citrine. Often gemstones are produced synthetically, when used for jewelry. Amber is also one of the gemstones, Pearls and corals. However, these are organic and not mineral substances.

Gemstones should have the following three characteristics:

• They are rare.
• They have a hardness higher than seven on the Mohs scale.
• They have their own transparency.

For jewelry production, the gemstones can be quickly classified according to these three criteria. Must have gems, to be valuable and interesting for jewelry making, be specially designed. You get this special design through the cut. The cut ensures that, that the light on the surface of the gem is particularly refracted. The cut gives the gemstone an attractive shine and an intense and characteristic sparkle. This sparkle is also known as fire. It is precisely this fire inherent in gemstones that makes up part of the fascination for these precious stones.

 

Gemstones

Minerals and stones are referred to as gemstones, that look aesthetically pleasing and are used in jewelry making. Some stones cannot be used or can only be used to a limited extent in the jewelry industry due to their properties, for example because the stones are too soft or too brittle.
Gemstones can be of natural origin or they can have been manufactured artificially. Gemstones, which are used as gemstones, are extremely valuable. Natural materials are also used as gemstones, such as amber, Pearls or corals.

 

Facets

With gemstones, a facet means a surface, which, thanks to its shape, creates special lighting effects. The word comes from the French language. This means small diamond areas. In the case of facet grinding, the surfaces on stones are ground in this way, that the light breaks in the stone. This creates special effects. The stone sparkles through the facets. This comes from the refraction of light. There are different facet cuts for working gemstones: The brilliant cut, the rose cut, the oval cut, the stair cut, the emerald cut, the scissors cut and the pendeloque.

 

Cabochon

When stones are cut into cabochons, is this called, that they are ground to an unfaceted gemstone. The bottom is flat and the top is curved outwards. The gemstones have a round or oval shape after being cut. Straight stones, that are opaque and multicolored, as well as stones, which are traversed by fine veins, come into their own with this cut.

 

The color of the gemstones

All gems, with the exception of the diamond and agate, are counted among the colored gemstones. The most famous colored gemstones are the ruby, the sapphire, the emerald and the topaz. The grading of the gemstones is not clearly standardized. The diamonds are classified according to the purity categories, Color and cut. For gemstones, the only generally applicable classification is weight. This is measured in carats and corresponds to one carat 0.2 Gram. The most important factor for the value is the color, the color quality and the cut. But subjective criteria also play a role in determining the value of a gemstone.

Depending on the gemstone, a different shade of color is seen as valuable and of high quality. The color of the gemstones is measured according to different criteria. An important point of reference when determining the color of a gemstone is the distinction between self-colored and externally colored. For example, a crystal, which is used for jewelry making, be colored or there is a coloration, because there are certain elements in the crystal, which do not actually belong in the structure of the crystal. When assessing the color of gemstones, three elements are crucial: The shade, the brightness and saturation of the color. The brightness says it all, how light or dark the hue of the gem is. With the color saturation the intensity of the color is indicated.

 

Astrology

Gemstones, in other words, polished minerals, differ from other stones due to their special color. They are insensitive and robust. Gemstones have been fascinating for their mysterious charisma since time immemorial. They are said to be, that they protect people and that they have healing powers. They take care of the health of the people, who carry them and are supposed to ward off evil from them.

Astrology assigns the individual gemstones and their individual powers to the various signs of the zodiac, the months, as well as the sun, the moon and the planets too.

 

Special terms

Crown jewels

Crown jewels are pieces of jewelry, which are particularly valuable and are in royal possession. Usually the crown jewels include the government insignia: These include the crown, the scepter, the imperial sword and the imperial orb.

The term crown jewels encompasses the entire jewelry collection of a royal family with particularly valuable pieces of jewelry. Jewels, on the other hand, are specially cut gemstones.

The British Crown Jewels are kept in the Tower of London and are considered the most valuable jewelry collection in the world. These are not just valuable, but also probably the most famous jewelry collection. It is not just jewelry that counts among the British crown jewels, but also items of clothing such as the royal robe. The Danish and French crown jewels are also known. The wearing of individual parts of the crown jewels is usually limited to a few special occasions.

 

Solitaire

Solitaires are diamonds, so diamonds, which are set individually in a ring. Other individually set gemstones are also known as solitaires. For example, there are ruby ​​solitaires, Sapphire solitaires and emerald solitaires.

 

Rhinestones

Rhinestone is extremely important for modern jewelry. Rhinestones are diamond imitations made of glass. This has been around since 18. century. The rhinestone shines like diamonds, however, rhinestone does not have the refractive index and hardness of diamonds. Rhinestone is made of glass flux with a proportion of lead. The underside of rhinestones is usually foiled, so that they reflect and shine like diamonds. Due to the lead content in the rhinestones, there is no green cast in the glass.

Rhinestones are mostly found in costume jewelry. This copies the look of the diamond and offers it at a much lower price. Rhinestones are also often applied to textiles. You can now find rhinestones in abundance in both costume jewelery and the textile industry.

 

Shiny

Brilliant cut diamonds are called brilliant-cut diamonds. Even if diamonds and brilliant-cut diamonds are often used interchangeably, it is not the same. Every diamond is also a diamond, but not every diamond has to be a brilliant, because a diamond can also be cut differently and a diamond is also uncut a diamond. What is special about the brilliant cut is the sparkle on the surface, caused by the refraction of light. The brilliant cut was 1910 developed. It must be at least 32 Facets along with a table on the upper side of the stone are cut. On the lower side it has to be at least 24 Have facets. Not just diamonds, but also other gemstones, can be given a brilliant cut. However, these must be designated differently.

With the help of the diameter of the diamond, the approximate weight in carats can be calculated for a brilliant cut. The formula is: Weight in carats =
Diameter in mm) ³ x 0,0037

 

Zirkonia

The zirconia is an imitation diamond and not of natural origin. But it belongs to the gemstones, which are most commonly used. It not only looks very similar to the diamond, the zirconia also has similar material properties. For example, it is just as tough. When cut, the zirconia can hardly be distinguished from a diamond. The only difference is the refraction of light. There are zirconia stones in many sizes and shapes. Visually, it is very difficult to distinguish the zirconia from the diamond. In many pieces of jewelry such as rings, Two of us, Zirconia stones were used for pendants and earrings. They offer the diamond look and absolutely high-quality material properties at a relatively low price.

 

Diamonds by months

Month stones

With monthly stones are called gemstones, assigned to a specific month. These are supposed to be people, who have their birthday this month, Bring good luck. But also people, who don't believe in it, that stones can bring luck, enjoy the special stones.

 

January: Grenade

Grenades are minerals and form rock. They belong to the island silicates. These gemstones have been used as gemstones since ancient times. Together with rubies and spinels, they were known and loved as carbuncle in the Middle Ages.

Grenades come in different versions with different names: the dark red pyrope (is also called Kaprubin), the red-black Almandine, the yellow-green andradite, the black Schorlomit, the black melanite, the emerald green uvarovite, the transparent-greenish demantoid and the orange-red Spessartine.

The category of germanates and silicates is also home to garnet. Due to its extremely attractive appearance, it is very popular for making jewelry. The garnet comes in many shades, mainly in yellow-green, Red-brown or black. Because it can be both transparent and opaque, can be hard gloss, Glass gloss or greasy gloss can be observed.

The crystals of the garnet usually form as rhombic dodecahedra. This shape of the polyhedron has exactly 12 Areas in the form of rhombuses. Grenades are then opaque, if foreign admixtures have precipitated during their formation. The colors are dominated by a rich and deep red. The color blue has never been found in a garnet. The garnet gets its name from Latin: Granum is the name for grain, granatus hot as much as grainy. Similarities between the seeds of the pomegranate and the granular shape of the minerals in the garnet cannot be denied, the color is also similar. The garnet was already a popular gem stone in ancient times. Garnet and ruby ​​were known as carbuncle. Most of the occurrences of the garnet are found in South Africa, Sri Lanka and the USA.

Pyrop

The pyrope belongs to the grenade group. Like all garnets, pyrope also belongs to the island silicates. The gemstones are red - from orange-red to brown-red and purple-red there are all color nuances and shades. Garnets have been used to make jewelry since ancient times. Depending on the light, the pyrope has a different color. It often looks more blue-green in daylight and red in artificial light. The most beautiful pyropes were made in Bohemia, Czech Republic found. Pyropes are found in South Africa, Australia, Italy and the USA. The pyrope is actually colorless. The color comes from iron, chrome, Manganese and vanadium, which are embedded in the stone. When the chromium content is very high, the pyropes are gray to dark green.

Almandin

The type of garnet, which occurs most frequently, is the almandine. In a quality that is worth cutting, these gemstones have a strong one, glass-like shine. This makes it a coveted gemstone. Almandine is the most common type of garnet worldwide and often comes in grindable qualities with strong, glass-like shine, what makes it a coveted gemstone. The almandine is red to red-violet in color. It also occurs in black-brown. It is transparent to translucent. The almandine gemstones are mainly processed into gemstones. Depending on the purity and clarity, they are cut into facets or cabochons.

In the grenade family, the almandine is one of the germanates and silicates. Most almandins are deep dark red almost to black. They are often used to make jewelry, although they have very difficult material properties. Almandine is found all over the world.

Andradit

An andradite is a yellow one, greenish yellow to emerald green, dark green, brown to reddish brown gemstone. It is also rarely colorless or black. It is transparent to translucent. These gemstones are also used for jewelry making.

Andradite belongs to the group of garnets, which occurs relatively frequently. His varieties are more valuable than himself. The demantoid, which appears in the color emerald green, is the most valuable among them. Its deposits are in Zaire, Russia and Asia. The yellow andradite and the topazolite, which is similar to the topaz, are also valuable stones, just like the black melanite. Most andradites are processed into jewelry. Melanite is common in Germany, Italy, France and the USA, the topazolite, on the other hand, is most common in the Alps.

Uwarowit

The uvarowit has a neon green color. He belongs to the grenade group. For the first time this gem was found in Russia. It was mainly found near various chromite deposits. The Uvarowit was named after a Russian count. The uwarowit is not only used for making jewelry. It is also of great importance in gemstone medicine. It is said to have a positive effect on the salvation of the person's soul, who carries him, impact. Furthermore, these gemstones should give courage and hope, as well as strengthening resilience and self-confidence. They should also help, that the wearers of the uvarowits have the necessary patience, and overcome depression. people, who are by nature quite spirited, should not wear uvarowit according to gem medicine, as this strengthens this character trait.

Rosenquarz

Rose quartz is a variant of the mineral quartz. This is pink-red and milky cloudy to translucent. The rose quartz gemstones are used in jewelry processing. Works of art are also made from it. In esotericism, rose quartz stands for love and fertility. The rose quartz was also often used in saunas for the infusion.

 

February: Amethyst

The purple variant of the mineral quartz is the amethyst. These gemstones are suitable for jewelry processing. They are transparent to translucent and have a glass- until greasy. The gemstones come in Brazil, Uruguay, Namibia, Madagascar, Russia, Sri Lanka and Morocco before.

Onyx

The onyx is a variant of the chalcedony. This in turn is a variant of the mineral quartz. Onyxes are opaque to slightly translucent and black and white layered gemstones. These gemstones were found in Yemen, for example, Pakistan, Brazil, Mexico, Uruguay, Crete, Madagascar and the USA. This gemstone is extremely popular due to its deep black color. He is used the gem stone, but cufflinks are also made from it. Lots of onyxes, which are available, are fake. This is done, for example, by coloring the agate. It is extremely difficult to distinguish real from fake onyxes.

 

March: Aquamarin

The aquamarine is the blue variant of the silicate mineral beryl. It occurs as a crystal. The color of the aquamarine looks different depending on the viewing angle. The color nuances range from light- to dark blue with green tints. With these gemstones, the color intensity depends on the iron content in the crystal. The aquamarines are transparent or at least translucent.

These gemstones are very popular in jewelry making and are used in rings, Used pendants and necklaces. Because the aquamarine is very hard, it can be processed well. The aquamarine is often the focal point of the individual pieces of jewelry. The transparent but intensely blue gemstones are particularly popular. However, these are rarely found in nature. Then human hands help and the aquamarine is heated. This makes the color more intense. These unnaturally colored specimens can be compared to real ones, naturally colored hardly distinguishable. This treatment does not have to be labeled either. These gemstones were found in Africa, Europe, Russia, Brazil and the Indian subcontinent. There are also imitations of aquamarine: Synthetic quartz or blue glass, for example. Is the aquamarine imitation made of glass, This is best noticeable through the lower hardness of the glass.

Jaspis

The jasper is a variant of the mineral quartz. These gemstones are opaque white and can turn yellow due to the iron oxides contained in the jasper, Rot, Accept brown to black. But they can also be pink or greenish in color. These gemstones are processed into gemstones. Are they sanded and polished, they get a fat-like shine.

 

April: Diamond

Diamonds are a modification of carbon. Your weight is given in carats, being one carat 0.2 Equivalent to grams. Diamonds, that have not yet been machined and sanded, are called rough diamonds. The crystals of the diamonds are transparent and colorless. However, due to impurities or crystal lattice defects, the diamonds can turn green, yellow, braun, orange, blue, rosa, be red or gray to black in color. The largest deposits of diamonds are found in Russia, Africa, Australia, Canada and Brazil. Diamonds have now been found on every continent. There are altogether 700 Locations for diamonds. Diamonds have a high refraction of light and also have a strong luster and a striking dispersion. For these reasons, it is mainly used as a gemstone. Careful polishing reveals its brilliance, based on countless light reflections. Only a quarter of all diamonds can be processed qualitatively as gem stones. Today diamonds are processed with lasers. This can be used to remove dark inclusions and mark the stones. Diamonds are often given the facet cut. The brilliant cut is particularly well known. A diamond denotes a diamond, where the brilliant cut was used.

Bergkristall

Pure quartz is called rock crystal. It is completely transparent and colorless. Occasionally are gases, Liquids or minerals trapped in the rock crystal. The rock crystal is used as a raw material for glass, Lamps or optical lenses. It also becomes jewelry like chains, pendant, Call, Studs or bracelets processed.

 

May: emerald

Emeralds are a variant of the silicate mineral beryl and are known for their green color. You are bright- to dark green. Chromium and traces of iron in the crystals are responsible for the green color. Vanadium also stains the crystals, but are rare. Because of their color, these gemstones are also extremely popular for making jewelry. With the right cut, the emerald can refract light in many ways and has a shine like glass. Emeralds can be transparent to translucent.

The value of an emerald depends on its color. When the emerald is deep green, it can be more valuable than a diamond of the same size. Important emerald deposits are located in Colombia, Brazil and the Ural Mountains. There are smaller deposits in southern Africa. Emeralds from Brazil are particularly popular. These are often a strong green color, which are particularly valuable.

The type of cut, which is often used with emerald crystals, is the so-called emerald ship. It is an octagonal step cut. Cutting emeralds is difficult, because it is brittle and splintering due to inclusions and cracks. To protect the emeralds, they are partially sealed with a layer of plastic or resin.

Emeralds usually become jewelry like necklaces, Call, Earrings, Bracelets and pendants processed, but are also popular as minerals in collections. It is also used as a healing stone.

Chrysopras

The chrysoprase is a variant of the chalcedony, which in turn is a quartz variant. These gemstones are green in color, which ranges from apple green to emerald green. The influence of heat and sunlight can cause the color to fade. However, this aging process can be stopped and even reversed, if the Chrysopas is stored moist. They are popular, but also sensitive gemstones, which are used for jewelry finishing and jewelry making.

 

June: Pearls

Pearls are solid, often round foreign bodies, which are made of mother-of-pearl and grow in certain shells. There are also a few snails, in which pearls grow. When judging pearls, the criteria are like shape, the size, the iridescent pearlescent luster of the pearl's surface, the quality of the surface, the color, the type of pearl, called the thickness of mother-of-pearl and the hole. Pearls usually have a pink color- or green-colored shimmer and a cream-colored one, yellowish or greenish color. If they are treated afterwards they are white, silver or pink.

Mondstein

The moonstone is a variant of Orthklas and belongs to the feldspars. It is colorless, white or yellow and has a pale sheen and also transparent to translucent. These gemstones are used exclusively as gemstones. Usually a cabochon cut is used. Moonstones are very pressure sensitive gemstones, since they are poor in hardness and perfectly cleavable. Moonstones are originally from Sri Lanka. Moonstones from India have a cloudy tone, that shimmers slightly orange.

 

July: Rubin

Rubies are the red variant of the mineral corundum. They belong to the classic gemstones, are known for their characteristic red color and are among the most famous gemstones. The red color of the rubies results from the small amounts of chromium contained in the corundum. If the corundum isn't red, but pink, is blue or another color, it is not a ruby, but a sapphire.

Because of their intense colors, rubies are very sought-after and also valuable gemstones. rubies, that have a slight blue cast, are considered to be particularly valuable. With "normal" rubies, So ruins without a blue cast, Is it like this, that the stronger the red color, the more desirable and valuable they are.

Due to their red color, they are also very popular for jewelry making and are a frequently used element in various jewelry creations. These gemstones are cut, which are used for jewelry making, often with one facet- or cabochon cut. The facet cut ensures the refraction of light. Rubies have a glass- up to a diamond shine. You can be transparent, but also be opaque.

But rubies are not only used for making jewelry. Synthetic rubies are used in connection with watches, which are called stones. These are used in the clockwork. Because rubies have a high degree of hardness, wear is largely prevented. This makes watches durable and accurate.

Carnelian

Carnelian is a variant of chalcedony. These gemstones are used exclusively for the production of gemstones. It is opaque or only slightly translucent. and monochrome from pink to all conceivable shades of brown or two-tone red and white to orange and white. Is it two-tone, is it spotted or streaked. Carnelian owes its striking color to the iron content it contains. The iron oxide and the iron hydroxide provide the coloring of the gemstones. The oxide is responsible for the red color and the hydroxide colors the gemstone brown. Carnelian is mined mainly in Brazil, In the event that, Madagascar and Urugay. Carnelians have the degree of hardness 7 on the Mohass scale and are therefore well suited for jewelry processing.

In the Middle Ages, people wore carnelian in amulets, since these gemstones were supposed to protect the wearer from enchantments. Carnelian is also used in gemstone medicine. It's supposed to be a headache, Bleeding, Coughs and colds help.

 

August: Peridot

The peridot is also called chrysolite. It is a particularly pure and magnesium-rich variant of the mineral olivine. Olivines often develop clear crystals. The peridot is also transparent. Peridots are light green. The different colors range from yellow-green to olive-green. Brownish specimens are also known. The intense green tones of the peridot in particular enchant the viewer. The green color comes from traces of iron, Chromium and nickel in the crystals. The gemstones are mined in Pakistan today, China and the San Carlos Apache Reservation in the US state of Arizona. Most of the peridot used worldwide comes from this reserve. About a year 70 is the earliest known peridot mining on the island of Zebirget (German St. Johannes Island) im Roten Meer. In the Middle Ages, peridot was often part of church decorations and precious stones were ascribed healing powers and power, drive away evil spirits.

Aventurin

Aventurine quartz is a variety of the mineral quartz. The color of the gem comes from microcrystalline inclusions. It has a strong shimmer and a metallic sheen. Is fuchsite stored, the stone is green. But there is also gold-red to brown-red aventurine. The gray-blue color comes from the mineral crocylodite. Aventurines are popular gemstones. Locations are among others in South America, North America, in If, Russia as well as Japan. The gemstones are extremely popular for making jewelry. They are preferred for pearl necklaces, with massive bangles, Finger rings and earrings used. The shimmering sheen of the aventurine is particularly emphasized by these round shapes. Works of art are also made from aventurine. The aventurine is also used in esotericism, for example against allergies and hair loss. It should also help the wearer to find more inner peace and serenity.

 

September: Lapislazuli

Lapis lazuli are shiny blue gemstones. They are made of lazurite, Pyrite, Sodality, Calcite and diopside together. These materials give it its intense blue color. These gemstones do not count as minerals, but to the rocks, a mixture of different minerals. Differences in the mineral composition of the lapis lazuli influence the color of the stone in question. This different composition is due to the respective location and the conditions during the formation of the stone. Lapis lazuli from Afghanistan is a deep dark blue, the Tajik gemstones are navy blue and those from Lake Baikal (Russia) violettblau. The authenticity of the lapis lazuli is verified by the pyrite particles. The name comes from Latin. “Lapis” means stone and “lazuli” means blue. Golden lapis lazuli are typical, metallic shining cracks and veins, that come from pyrite. Are these white, this comes from calcite. The gemstones have a matt sheen, when they are polished, the gloss can be glass-like. The lapis lazuli is opaque.

These gemstones are extremely popular gemstones because of their unique color. The blue color ensures special highlights in the jewelry. Most of the time, attention is paid to this during processing, that the structures in the stone as well as the color are emphasized. For this purpose it is processed into cabochons, Pearls or tumbled stones. The lapis lazuli is also important for painting. It is used as a pigment in high-quality painters' paints.

This gemstone was already known in antiquity and was used as a valuable commodity. It was shipped as a bead or as differently processed forms. The powdered lapis lazuli was used as a blue eye shadow.

 

October: Tourmaline

Tourmalines are a group of minerals, which are assigned to the silicates. There are numerous gemstones with different names, which are assigned to the tourmalines. These gemstones have always been used for jewelry of all types such as necklaces, pendant, Call, Earrings and bangles are used and are very popular. In Europe, tourmalines have been used for jewelry production and finishing for hundreds of years. Tourmalines were found for the first time in Sri Lanka. Tourmalines are different colors and can be blue, green, rot, pink but also brown or black. A single tourmaline crystal can have different colors. This makes the gemstone very interesting for jewelry making. Tourmalines also sometimes have pleochroism, this means, the color of the crystal is different depending on the viewing angle. Tourmalines also absorb complementary light. Due to these properties and the variety of colors, tourmaline is an exclusive and high-quality gemstone for jewelry production. Both the Bundesliga championship trophy and the DFB Cup are studded with tourmalines.

Opal

Opals belong to the mineral class of oxides and hydroxides. These gemstones are very popular. They are used in all types of jewelry. Their surface has a special greasy sheen. The color of the opals is very diverse; they can be colorless, but also be milky. The colors range from gray, red and yellow to brown. The intensities of the colors are different.

The word "opal" comes from Latin. It means “precious stone. Opals have a special fire. This made them popular gemstones even in antiquity. During this time, gemstones were even preferred to diamonds.

Particularly well-known locations of opals are in Mexico and Australia. But it is also found frequently on all other continents. Often these gemstones are cut into cabochons, or they are ground into donuts, Pearls or tumbled stones. These bring out the play of colors of these precious stones best. Facet cuts are only used on clear opals, but these are rare.

 

November: Topas

The topaz is one of the best-known and most sought-after gemstones in jewelry processing. Topazes come in different colors - there are red ones, violette, blueness, yellow to colorless specimens. A yellowish color is most common with these gemstones. For the yellow one, blue and red color are the cause of iron and chromium in the mineral.

Topazes have a glass luster and are transparent. The more colorless and transparent these gemstones are, the purer they are. There is a great similarity to the diamond. But the diamond is made of carbon, while the topaz belongs to the group of island silicates. These gemstones were found in Afghanistan, Australia, Brazil, Russia as well as China. Topase, which are used as gemstones, are high quality specimens. But since these gemstones are quite common, are they comparatively cheap.

Blue topaz

Topaz is a general name for gemstones of different colors. The topaz has a blue color, it is called blue topaz. It is a precious gem. According to gem medicine, it should be with the person, who carries him, awaken creativity.

Tigerauge

Gemstones with the name tiger eye are golden brown to golden yellow striped variants of the mineral quartz. The tiger eye has a bold one- to a silk-like sheen. These gemstones are used exclusively as gemstones. The name tiger eye comes from an effect of the stone, which there are when grinding to oval pieces. The cut presents a fine glow of light, reminiscent of the slit pupils of tigers.

 

December: Tanzans

Tanzanite is the blue variant of the mineral zoisite and is transparent. The color nuances range from light blue, violettblau, ultramarinblau, indigo blue to sapphire blue. Tanzanite is used exclusively as a gem stone and is one of the best-selling colored gemstones, but is less common than a diamond. Historically, this stone is associated with the Maasai culture. The color blue is sacred to them.

 

Zircon

Zircon is one of the island silicates. Usually these gemstones are brown to brownish red, less often yellow, green, blue and colorless. They are transparent to opaque. Zircons are very popular gemstones in the jewelry market. In terms of shine, the mineral can compete with diamonds. It does not tend to scratch the stone surface.

 

 

The gems of the zodiac signs

Several gemstones are assigned to each zodiac sign. These are supposed to give people, who were born under the respective zodiac sign, Bring good luck.

 

Wassermann (21.01.-18.02.)

The lucky stones for people, born under the zodiac sign Aquarius, are the opal, petrified wood and the aragonite.

(Opal see monthly stone October)

Stoned wood

Petrified wood is fossil wood, which have been rebuilt through the process of silicification.

Aragonit

The aragonite belongs to the mineral class of carbonates and nitrates. In their pure form, these gemstones are colorless and transparent. They have a glass gloss and a greasy sheen at the break points. The aragonites can turn gray as a result of foreign admixtures, yellow, rot, green, be purple or blue. The more colorful the stones are, the more the transparency decreases.

 

fishes (19.02.-20.03.)

The lucky stones for people, born under the Pisces zodiac sign, are the aquamarine, the moldavite and the turquoise.

(Aquamarine see month stone March)

Moldava

Moldavites are natural, green glasses, formed millions of years ago when a meteorite hit what is now Bavaria. Most of them fell in what is now the Czech Republic. The glasses from Bohemia are mostly bottle green and transparent. The Moravian specimens are darker, olive green to brown. When cut, Moldavites are often used as gemstones.

turquoise

The turquoise is a copper-aluminum-phosphate. The rarely occurring mineral comes in the colors blue, Blue-green and green in front. The gemstones are transparent to opaque. They have a matt, wax sheen. In this country you can usually find these gemstones cut into cabochons. They are made into jewelry and can be found in silver rings, Bracelets or as pearls in necklaces. The jewelry usually has an Indian style. The turquoise is also used for carvings.
These gemstones are considered to be particularly valuable, when they have deep blue tones. The stones with a green- or yellow cast are popular with artists.

Turquoise belongs to the vanadate mineral class, of phosphates and arsenates. In its natural occurrence, the turquoise shows mineral aggregates and various crystals, which are very often arranged in grapes. They can be seen with the naked eye, but overall very rarely. The turquoise clearly owes its name to its color. The etymological definition is controversial, but it seems very realistic, in contrast to many other hypotheses. The turquoise is a precious stone. Only very few sites are known worldwide. Occurrences were in the US states Arizona and Nevada, discovered in Nishapar, Iran and in China. The most famous site is Nishapar. Already 6000 before Christ was reported about turquoise and to this day the fascination of this stone for people is unbroken.

 

Widder (21.03.-20.04.)

The lucky stones for people, born under the zodiac sign Aries, are the fire opal, the ruby ​​and the tiger iron.

(Ruby see July monthly stones)

Feueropal

Fire opals are the fiery red variant of the opals. This color is also responsible for the name of these gemstones. The color nuances are very bright and intense and range from orange-red to yellow-red. They are mostly found in Mexico. Fire opals are transparent and are often cut faceted. This cut emphasizes the fire of these gemstones optimally.

Tiger travel

The tiger iron is an opaque sedimentary rock. It has silver-gray stripes, that has a metallic sheen. Red and yellow stripes are also possible. These gemstones are actually only processed into gemstones and used for jewelry production.

 

Taurus (21.04.-20.05.)

The lucky pieces for people, born under the zodiac sign Taurus, are the smoky quartz, the aventurine and the malachite.

(For aventurine see monthly stones for August)

Rauchquarz

Smoky quartz is a variant of the mineral quartz. These were colored by natural or artificial gamma rays. The colors gray-brown to black are possible. Brown smoky quartz is usually transparent to translucent. These gemstones are often used for jewelry, like trailer, Two of us, Earrings, Rings or bracelets.

Malachit

Malachite belongs to the mineral class of carbonates. Due to its unique coloring, it is often used for the production and finishing of jewelry. It is from a pale to dark green. These gemstones are minimally translucent, but not transparent. Malachite was already known to the Romans and Greeks. There it was made into statues, for example. It is still a popular gemstone in the jewelry industry today. Many of these gemstones have what is known as banding, this means, the drawing of the stone is reminiscent of the grain of wood. This banding also makes the malachite difficult to work with. But not only the whole stone is processed into pieces of jewelry, there are also pieces of jewelry, which are provided with a coating of malachite. In gemstone medicine, malachite is used to treat women’s ailments.

 

Zwilling (21.05.-20.06.)

The lucky stones for people, born under the zodiac sign Gemini, are the moss agate, the tiger's eye and the aquamarine.

(Tiger eye see month stone November, Aquamarine see month stone March)

Moss agate

The moss agate is a variant of the chalcedony. It has green inclusions, reminiscent of mosses. There are also specimens, whose appearance is reminiscent of blue cheese. The rest, not green part is of a clear or milky white quartz. The green inclusions are caused by chrome or iron, which is contained in chalcedony.

 

Krebs (21.06.-20.07.)

The lucky stones for people, born under the zodiac sign Aries, are the rose quartz, the moonstone and the amber.

(For rose quartz, see monthly stone January, For moonstone see Month Stone June)

Bernstein

Amber has been known for thousands of years and is widespread in the Baltic Sea region. It has a light yellow to brown-orange color. There is both clear and opaque amber. With its special sheen, it is extremely popular as a gem stone and is often used. Amber is made from fossilized tree resin and has different shapes. The inclusions of plants and insects in amber ensure admiration. These inclusions are called inclusions. Trapped insects are captivating with the finest details of the animals, which can be seen in these precious stones. Amber jewelry comes in a wide variety of forms, like rings, Necklaces or as pendants.

In the Low German language, the amber is roughly from the 13. Century known, where it was also referred to as a burning stone. It is made from fossil resin. It is lit., it burns in a reddish-blue flame. The Baltic amber is very well known, which continues to this day on the coasts of north- and the Baltic Sea. The largest amber ever found weighs 9750 Gramm and is still in the former mineral collection of the 1873 late Gustav Rose.

 

lion (21.07.-22.08.)

The lucky stones for people, born under the zodiac sign Leo, are the rock crystal, the citrine and the tiger's eye.

(For rock crystal see month stone April, Tiger eye see month stone November)

Citrin

The citrine is the yellow-colored variant of quartz. The name of these gemstones comes from the Latin "citrus" for lemon. The name also refers to the color of this quartz variant. The color of this gemstone varies from a pale green-yellow, over orange to a brownish orange. Like most varieties of quartz, citrine is also used to make jewelry.

As a mineral, citrine is a yellow form of quartz. It has a very distinctive glass sheen and a special yellow color, therefore it is often used as a gemstone. Its name also comes from its color: The Latin citrus means lemon. The citrine undergoes a chemical coloring process during its creation and is available in many variants. Its color spectrum ranges from brown-orange to green-yellow. Artificially produced citrines are also very often used for jewelry production. The natural occurrences of citrine are rather rare. He is in the USA, found in South America and Europe.

The citrine is assigned to the mineral class of quartz. Its shine is considered to be greasy or glassy, depending on its natural composition. The citrine appears in its transparent variant, so it is completely transparent or mostly translucent. This enables the characteristic and attractive sparkle of the citrine by means of a special cut. In this way, the citrine becomes an exciting and versatile component of the most diverse pieces of jewelry. Goldsmiths like to use it in combination with white gold and platinum.

The individual color of the citrine depends very much on its origin and where it was found. The color spectrum is wide and can vary between a greenish yellow tone and an almost brown yellow or yellowish brown. The color of citrine is determined by the nature of its composition. It contains iron hydroxide and iron oxide. These components define the color scheme. Citrines can also be colored by irradiation. In the jewelry sector, artificially created citrines are usually preferred, because the natural occurrences of the rare minerals are extremely limited. The citrine is often incorrectly referred to as topaz. However, this designation is anything but correct, because, unlike citrine, topaz is an island silicate.

 

Jungfrau (23.08.-22.09.)

The lucky stones for people, born under the zodiac sign Virgo, are the heliotrope, the amethyst and the rutile quartz.

(Amethyst see month stone February)

Heliotrop

The heliotrope is a variant of chalcedony and is also known as blood jasper. These gemstones have a bright- to dark green in color with red speckles. Deposits of hornblende are responsible for the green color, Iron oxide for the red speckles. These gemstones are translucent to opaque. Important sites are, for example, in Australia, Brazil, China, India and the USA. The heliotrope is a coveted gemstone.

Rutile quartz

The rutile quartz is a variant of the mineral quartz. These gemstones contain rutile needles. They are often processed into gemstones.

 

Libra (23.09.-22.10.)

The lucky stones for people, born under the zodiac sign Libra, are the emerald, the china jade and the malachite.

(For emerald see month stone May, For malachite, see Taurus)

China Jade

China jade is also called serpentine. The color of these gemstones are different shades of green, of yellow-green, There are various nuances and shades up to olive green. Often these stones have a greasy sheen. The China jade is processed into gemstones, among other things.

 

Skorpion (23.10.-22.11.)

The lucky stones for people, born under the zodiac sign Scorpio, are the garnet, the malachite and the chrysoprase.

(Garnet see month stone January, For malachite, see Taurus, Chrysoprase see month stone May)

 

Sagittarius (23.11.-21.12.)

The lucky stones for people, born under the zodiac sign Sagittarius, are the sapphire, the dolomite and the sodalite.

Saphir

Sapphires are variants of corundum. All corundum, which are colorless or colored and not red, are called sapphires. The red variants are the rubies. The sapphire is often used in jewelry production, especially the blue sapphires. It is very popular because of its special appearance and properties. Sapphires can be transparent to opaque and they have a glass luster. For over a hundred years, sapphires have been made man-made. All sizes can be achieved. In esotericism, the sapphire stands for peace and quiet.

Dolomit

The dolomite also becomes dolomite spar, Called Rautenspat and Perlspat. It is a calcium-magnesium carbonate and is very common. In some cases, the colorless variants are made into gem stones. But the dolomite is very sensitive.

Sodalith

Sodalite belongs to the mineral class of silicates and germanates. It rarely occurs. These gemstones come in white colors, yellow, green, hell- bus dark blue, Red and colorless before. They are transparent to translucent and have a glass- and greasy shine. The sodalite is processed into gemstones and small sculptures. The sodalite is also used in the aquarium hobby.

 

Steinbock (22.12.-20.01.)

The lucky stones for people, born under the zodiac sign Capricorn, are the rock crystal, the diamond and the sunstone.

(For rock crystal see month stone April, Diamond see month stone April)

Sonnenstein

The oligoclase is a common mixed crystal and belongs to the silicates and germanates. The sunstone is a variant of oligoclase. These gemstones are reddish-brown in color, and due to the inclusions of hematite, they have a strong glitter. The sunstone is often processed into gemstones.

 

 

Gems of the planets

Gemstones are not only assigned to the months of birth and the zodiac signs. Some of these beautiful precious stones are also assigned to some of the planets in our solar system, as well as the sun and the moon.

 

Sun

The sun is the diamond, the Chrysoberyll, associated with the ruby ​​and the sunstone.

(Diamond see month stone April, Ruby see month stone July, Sun stone see
Steinbock)

Chrysoberyll

The chrysoberyl is a rarely occurring mineral and belongs to the class of oxides and hydroxides. It occurs as a crystal. The colors of the chrysoberyl range from colorless, yellow, golden yellow, brown to green and blue-green. It is transparent to translucent and has a glass- up to a greasy sheen. Chrysoberyl and its variants are primarily used as gemstones. However, only a small part of these gemstones are transparent and are therefore suitable for jewelry production and jewelry finishing. Often only small pieces of the whole crystal can be cut out for jewelry making. These are those that are clear and shiny after grinding, as well as glow warm. Mostly the facet cut is used for this stone.

 

Mouth

The moon is the pearl, associated with the emerald and the jade.
(For pearl see monthly stone June, For emerald see month stone May)

Jade

Jade is a mixture of minerals made from jadeite and nephrite and is rare. It has been used to make jewelry for several thousand years. Jade is available in numerous color nuances, from green to white. Occasionally, jade even shines with a black cast. Jade is often used in the manufacture of chains, The ring, but also brooches and pendants used. All gemstones are called jade, which mainly consist of jadeite. But also the mixed crystals tremolite and actinolite and especially nephrite are called jade. In ancient China, jade was known as a gemstone for a long time, in Europe it has been since 19. Century used. In the 60s and 70s there was a real hype about jade and for the flower power generation it was an esoteric stone with magical abilities. One can say about jade jewelry, that there is a touch of mysticism in it.

 

Mercury

The yellow sapphire are the planet Mercury, associated with precious topaz and amber.

(Amber see the monthly stone cancer)

Yellow sapphire

The yellow sapphire, so the yellow version of the sapphire, is very rare. It is usually processed in a facet cut in pieces of jewelry.

Precious topaz

The noble topaz is a variant of the topaz. It is a very special stone and comes in different colors. These range from gold and golden yellow to light brown and pink yellow. It is translucent and sometimes even transparent. It is a coveted gemstone.

 

Venus

To the planet Venus are the amethyst, associated with aquamarine and blue zircon.
(Amethyst see month stone February, Aquamarine see month stone March)

blue zircon

The blue zircon is a variant of the zircon. It is often used for making jewelry.

 

Mars

The ruby ​​is on the planet Mars, assigned to the garnet and the carbuncle.

(Ruby see month stone July, Garnet see monthly stone January)

Karfunkel

The gemstones garnet were used as carbuncle in antiquity, Labeled ruby ​​and spinel.

 

Jupiter

The lapis lazuli are attached to the planet Jupiter, associated with the blue sapphire and the amethyst.

(For lapis lazuli see monthly stone September, Amethyst see month stone February)

blue sapphire

Sapphires are variants of corundum. However, almost only blue sapphires are used for jewelry production. The gemstone's blue tones range from light blue to dark blue, nearly black. Depending on the incidence of light, the color of a sapphire can appear different. Sapphires can be see-through, but also be opaque. Sapphires have a glass luster, which makes them very interesting for making jewelry. Sapphires are especially valuable, when they have an intense blue color, but are not too dark and if a facet cut has been carried out.

 

Saturn

The onyx is to the planet Saturn, associated with the aquamarine and the blue Spinelli.

(Onyx see month stone February, Aquamarine see month stone March)

blue spinel

Spinel is a mineral belonging to the oxides and idoxides classes. It happens quite often. From a chemical point of view, it is a magnesium aluminate. The spinel is one of the hardest gemstones. It is an excellent gem stone, which is also easy to work with.

 

More gemstones

coral

The corals belong to the class of flower animals. The limestone framework of the coral is often used to make jewelry. The red precious corals are the most popular.

 

Dalmatian stone

The Dalamatin stone belongs to the Aplite group. It is a rock made of granite. It got its name because of its color: A light background with black spots. According to the healing stone theory, the dalmatian stone should stimulate the nerves and accelerate the reflexes. These gemstones are rarely used as gemstones. Mainly the Dalmatian stone is mined in Mexico.

 

Kunzit

Kunzite is a variant of the mineral spodumene. This gemstone was made in the beginning of the 20. First found in California in the mid-19th century. It is a popular gem stone for jewelry processing. The kunzite is pale pink to dark purple. With the right cut, the kunzite really comes into its own. He is predominantly in shearing- and stair grinding processed. This really shows off the color changes and gives it a radiant shine. Kunzite goes very well with diamonds. The stone is sensitive to heat. Temperatures from 300 to 400 Degrees Celsius can lead to color loss. Particular attention must be paid to this fact when processing the gemstone. A special feature is the white kunzite - this is white instead of purple. Other popular variants are the champagne Kunzit and the Patroke Kunzit.

 

Kyanit

Kyanite belongs to the mineral class of silicates and germanates. It is an allochromatic stone. That means, originally the kyanite is colorless. Only by adding more substances, it gets its special blue color. The kyanite is often used with gemstones such as aquamarine, Benitoit, cordieri, Confused with sapphire or blue tourmaline. There are around 1300 Locations, where kyanite was found. The locations are among others in Brazil, Kenya, Zimbabwe, Myanmar, Austria, Switzerland and America. Kyanite is rarely used in jewelry production, because it has two different degrees of hardness and is perfectly cleavable. This makes the grinding process difficult.

 

Iolith

The iolite occurs only rarely and belongs to the class of silicates and germanates. It's transparent and bright- to dark blue with a purple tinge. In terms of color, it resembles a blue sapphire. These gemstones are made in Brazil, Canada, Burma and Sri Lanka mined. Iolites are also found in Germany, for example in Bodenmais in the Bavarian Forest. They are often used as gemstones.

 

Markasit

Marcasites are sulfides. From a chemical point of view, however, the marcasite is an iron. The province of "Margashith", that belongs to Iran today, is the origin of the marcasite. But it is also in other countries, like Romania, Sweden, Spain, USA, Peru and Bolivia can be found and is very popular everywhere. In its natural environment, the marcasite forms tabular crystals, which are usually dark bronze in color. But sometimes they are pewter-white and very rarely have a green cast. Marcasite is also known as fool's gold, because it was often mistaken for gold because of its color. In Victorian England, this gemstone was very popular and refined numerous pieces of jewelry. It is still very popular today. Because of its glossy surface and its color, it is made for jewelry production and finishing.

 

Prehnit

The Dutch Colonel Prehn, is said to have brought the first prehnite from the Cape of Good Hope to his homeland. These gemstones come in Germany, France as well as Australia and South Africa. They are light green to dark green in color, but also come in white, yellowish, reddish and colorless before.

 

Morganit

Morganite is the pink version of beryl. Beryl is a mineral of the class silicates and germanates and occurs frequently. The morganite is a very popular gemstone in jewelry finishing, which is also often used. The morganite was 1911 first discovered in Madagascar. It is flawless and has a pink and purple color. This is caused by traces of manganese. It is related to the emerald and the aquamarine. Today these gemstones are mostly found in Madagascar, Afghanistan and Brazil dismantled.

 

Apatit

The apatite is made from calcium phosphate. It is a very soft stone and its color ranges from colorless to white, blue, green and purple. These gemstones are prismatic crystals and have an intense color. They can be found on every continent. Apatites are used for jewelry processing as well as for the extraction of phosphorus. Because the apatite is very sensitive to acid and heat, processing this stone is difficult. Color changes are possible even at low heat.